Catalogue

Background
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins and are characterized by a remarkable biochemical diversity, represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. They range in molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa and isoelectric pH between 4.9 – 7.8. The individual Cytokeratin polypeptides are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the Human body usually express Cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of matuRation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The Cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays.

Source
LL025 is a Mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody derived by fusion of SP2/0-Ag14 murine myeloma cells with spleen cells from a Mouse immunized with a synthetic peptide corresponding to an amino acid sequence of the carboxyl terminus of Human Keratin 16.

Product
Each vial contains 100 ul 1 mg/ml purified monoclonal antibody in PBS containing 0.09% sodium azide.

Formulation: Each vial contains 100 ul 1 mg/ml purified monoclonal antibody in PBS containing 0.09% sodium azide.

Specificity
Keratin 16 is specifically found in hyperprolifeRative squamous epithelium such as psoriatic lesions and squamous cell carcinomas, e.g. of the lung. It is expressed in suprabasal Keratinocytes of wounded epidermis, a situation of high cell turnover. LL025 reactivity is negative in, e.g. normal skin, breast and lung tissue and non-invasive breast carcinoma. However, 10% of the invasive breast carcinomas tested were diffusely or focally positive with this antibody.

Applications
LL025 is suitable for immunoblotting (Western blot) and for immunohistochemistry on frozen tissue and paraffin embedded material. Optimal antibody dilution should be determined by titration; 1:25 – 1:50 for immunohistochemistry with avidin-biotinylated Horseradish peroxidase complex (ABC) as detection reagent. For use in paraffin embedded tissue sections high pressure retrieval at pH 8,0 is recommended.

Storage
The antibody is shipped at ambient temperature and may be stored at +4°C. For prolonged storage prepare appropriate aliquots and store at or below -20°C. Prior to use, an aliquot is thawed slowly in the dark at ambient temperature, spun down again and used to prepare working dilutions by adding sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.2). Repeated thawing and freezing should be avoided. Working dilutions should be stored at +4°C, not refrozen, and preferably used the same day. If a slight precipitation occurs upon storage, this should be removed by centrifugation. It will not affect the performance or the concentration of the product.

Caution
This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals. It may contain hazardous ingredients. Please refer to the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for additional information and proper handling procedures. Dispose product remainders according to local regulations.This datasheet is as accurate as reasonably achievable, but our company accepts no liability for any inaccuracies or omissions in this information.

References
1. Wetzels, R.H.W., Kuijpers H.J.H., Lane, E.B., Leigh, I.M., Troyanovsky, S.M., Holland, R., van Haelst, U.J.G.M., Ramaekers, F.C.S. (1991). Basal cell-specific and hyperproliferation-related Keratins in Human breast cancer. Am. J. Pathol. 138, 751-63. 2. Porter, R.M., Lunny, D.P., Ogden, P.H., Morley, S.M., McLean, W.H., Evans, A., Harrison, D.L., Rugg, E.L., Lane, E.B. (2000). K15 expression implies lateral differentiation within stRatified epithelial basal cells. Lab Invest. 80, 1701-10. 3. Ahenkorah, A., Hottor, B., Byrne, S., Bosio, P. and Ockleford, C.D. (2008). Immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy and immuno-electron microscopic identifiCation of Keratins in Human materno-foetal interaction zone. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 13, 735-48. 4. van Lingen, R.G., Poll, M.K.P., Seyger, M.M.B., de Jong, E.M.G.J., van de Kerkhof, P.C.M., van Erp, P.E.J. (2008). Distribution of peptidyl-peptidase IV on Keratinocytes in the margin zone of a psoriatic lesion: a comparison with hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation markers. Arch Dermatol Res 300, 561-67. 5. Poschmann, G., Sitek, B., Sipos, B., Ulrich, A., Wiese, S., Stephan, C., Warscheid, B., Klöppel, G., Vander Borght, A., Ramaekers, F.C.S., Meyer, E. and Stühler, K. (2009). IdentifiCation of proteomic differences between squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and bronchial epithelium. Molecular & Cellular proteomics 8, 1105-16.

Protein Reference(s)

Database Name: UniProt

Accession Number: P08779

Safety Datasheet(s) for this product: